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Deng Yuwen: scientific and technological innovation should solve the "Li Qian problem"

Abstract: the national scientific and Technological Innovation Conference was held in Beijing recently. The conference adopted the "opinions on deepening the reform of the scientific and technological system and accelerating the construction of the national innovation system", and put forward the goal by 2020, that is, to basically build a national innovation body with Chinese characteristics that adapts to the socialist market economic system and conforms to the law of scientific and technological development. When the oil volume of the tension machine is lower than a certain value, it will enter the ranks of innovative countries. The National Conference on scientific and technological innovation was held in Beijing a few days ago. The conference adopted the "opinions on deepening the reform of the scientific and technological system and accelerating the construction of the national innovation system", and put forward the goal by 2020, that is, to basically build a national innovation system with Chinese characteristics that adapts to the socialist market economic system and conforms to the law of scientific and technological development, which can synchronously display the experimental power, peak value, displacement, speed, experimental state, experimental curve and other national innovation systems, and enter the ranks of innovative countries

from now on, it is less than 10 years away from this goal, and the time is tight and the task is heavy. Fortunately, China has built a relatively complete discipline system and has rich scientific and technological human resources. Especially as China has leapt to the second largest economy in the world, the problem of insufficient scientific research investment, which has long restricted China's scientific and technological development, has been greatly improved. In terms of space walk, dragon diving, supercomputer, high fa-d=.......................................... formula (7) speed railway, super hybrid rice, gene sequencing, etc., a large number of key scientific and technological projects and major projects have also received good news. China should be able to give full play to its own characteristics and advantages and keep pace with the new scientific and technological revolution and industrial reform in the world

however, while being proud of the achievements and progress of China's scientific and technological innovation, we should also clearly see that China's independent innovation ability is not strong enough, and there is a lack of major discoveries with independent intellectual property rights. In particular, the Nobel Prize for natural science, which marks the world's highest scientific achievement award, has not been won by domestic scientists. In addition, it should be pointed out that China's scientific and technological system does not meet the requirements of economic and social development and international competition, the combination of science and technology and economy is not close, the ability of scientific research achievements into industrialization is still poor, the technological innovation ability of enterprises is insufficient, the scientific and technological and academic circles are still very impetuous, and the scientific research atmosphere is poor. If these problems cannot be solved as soon as possible, it is bound to affect the realization of the goals of China's scientific and technological power and innovative country

in terms of the current situation of scientific research and social environment in China, the most critical thing is the negative impact of the official standard consciousness and the system and mechanism of administrative led scientific research and academic activities on scientific and technological innovation. Joseph Needham, a British scientist, once put forward "why did modern science not happen in China" in his "history of science and technology in China". Coincidentally, Qian Xuesen, a famous scientist in China, also put forward "Qian Xuesen's question": "why can't our school always cultivate outstanding talents?" Although one is for science and the other is for schools, the perspective of the problem is different, but its spiritual connotation is completely consistent. Both of them point directly to the key of Chinese society, that is, the administrative led scientific research and education evaluation system, which suffocates China's scientific research and academic freedom, making innovation impossible

specifically, the negative impact of the official standard and the administrative leading mechanism on scientific research is mainly reflected in the fact that government officials determine the scientific research priorities for scientists, and scientists mainly follow the will of officials and engage in research projects that can show officials' political achievements, rather than scientists leading research projects. The purpose of this scientific research policy and scientific and technological system is to make scientists "produce early and great achievements". Faced with this great pressure, as a rational choice, scientists can only do some short-term things, some projects with strong certainty, and for the original basic research with great uncertainty, they can avoid it as much as possible. Thus, in our scientific and academic environment, a principle and atmosphere of "failure is not allowed" has been formed. In fact, in scientific research, failure is a very important part, which will provide extremely valuable experience for research. Because of the fear of failure, researchers dare not try in unknown fields

therefore, to solve the "Needham Problem" and "Qian Xuesen's question" is actually to solve the problems that hinder China's scientific and technological innovation. This is to abolish the administrative leadership in scientific research and academic fields and eliminate the immersion of official standard consciousness in science, technology, education and academia. On this basis, continue to increase investment in science and technology and form a diversified, multi-level and multi-channel science and technology investment system; Establish a national technological innovation system dominated by enterprises and open up the channel for the industrialization of scientific research achievements; Accelerating the training of scientific research talents and retightening the screws with scientific spirit can occupy people's minds and thoughts